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Ottawa urged to reconsider best before date system to reduce grocery waste

91ƵA lot of people think that best before dates are expiry dates91Ƶ

Canadians91Ƶ misunderstanding of best before dates could be contributing to excess food waste and, in turn, food insecurity, experts say as a government committee urges Ottawa to examine the issue.

A report on grocery affordability from a House of Commons committee on agriculture and agri-food includes arguments that Canada do away with best before dates due to the widespread misconception that they indicate whether a product is safe to consume.

Experts say all they indicate is when a product is past its peak freshness.

91ƵThere91Ƶs a lot of confusion around what food labels mean,91Ƶ Kate Parizeau, a professor at the University of Guelph who studies food waste, said Tuesday.

91ƵA lot of people think that best before dates are expiry dates, when there are actually very few products in Canada that have a proper expiry date.91Ƶ

Generally, the only foods with an expiry date are those that have a specific nutritional requirement that could degrade over time, such as baby formula. Best before dates, on the other hand, are required on foods that are expected to go bad within 90 days.

Food manufacturers and processors tend to slap them on all sorts of products, though, Parizeau noted, and they are of limited utility.

91ƵI think many people have this idea that before dates are determined by scientists in a lab measuring how many days until a product goes bad,91Ƶ she said.

91ƵThat91Ƶs not how it works. It91Ƶs something that the government tells manufacturers that they themselves have to figure out in-house, so it91Ƶs a bit of a black box.91Ƶ

Parizeau encouraged consumers to learn more about food safety so they can determine for themselves whether groceries are spoiled.

91ƵWe91Ƶre so disconnected from our food sources. We don91Ƶt know when the product was picked. We don91Ƶt know how long it91Ƶs supposed to stay good,91Ƶ she said.

91ƵSo if somebody puts peppers into cellophane and puts a sticker on them, we91Ƶre like, 91ƵOK, this is meaningful. I can trust whatever is put on the sticker.91Ƶ In part, because we don91Ƶt understand how that decision came about either.91Ƶ

Lori Nikkel, the CEO of Second Harvest Canada, is quoted in the government report saying that best before dates encourage people to throw out 91Ƶperfectly good food91Ƶ when many go hungry because of rising costs.

91ƵEliminating best-before dates would prevent safe, consumable food from being thrown out and save Canadians money on their grocery bills,91Ƶ she said in the report released last month, which recommends the government investigate 91Ƶhow the elimination of 91Ƶbest-before91Ƶ dates on foods would impact Canadians.91Ƶ

Michael von Massow, an expert in food labeling who also teaches at the University of Guelph, said he91Ƶs in favour of doing away with the labels.

91ƵBecause they are so misinterpreted, I think there91Ƶs some real value in getting rid of them,91Ƶ he said.

Von Massow said the extent to which food waste drives up cost is not clear, though it stands to reason that it plays some role by reducing the supply and increasing demand for groceries.

91ƵIf we were throwing out less stuff, we would save money in our households, even if prices didn91Ƶt change,91Ƶ von Massow said.

91ƵSo I think there91Ƶs an argument that prices could change if we threw less of some products out. But even if it didn91Ƶt change, if we threw less stuff out, our grocery budget would go down.91Ƶ

The suggestion that the government study the potential effects of removing best before dates is one of 13 in the report.

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