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Decriminalizing small amounts of illicit drugs 91Ƶmay save pain, lives,91Ƶ says expert

Concerns expressed as B.C. approaches Jan. 31 launch of three-year pilot

With B.C. on track to count 2022 as 91Ƶpossibly the worst year ever91Ƶ for toxic-drug deaths, the start of a three-year trial that decriminalizes possession of small amounts of illicit drugs is just around the corner.

Health Canada last May announced that as of Jan. 31, 2023, British Columbians aged 18 and older will be allowed to carry up to 2.5 grams of street drugs 91Ƶ including cocaine and fentanyl 91Ƶ without fear of penalty or seizure, provided the drugs are for personal use.

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Semiahmoo Peninsula locals who have seen the effects of such drugs firsthand have expressed mixed feelings on the exemption, describing it as everything from a step in a 91Ƶcompassionate direction,91Ƶ to a move that91Ƶs unlikely to have any significant impact on the opioid-crisis death toll.

91ƵIt91Ƶs not that I91Ƶm not in favour,91Ƶ Elenore Sturko, MLA for Surrey South and BC Liberal Shadow Minister for Mental Health and Addictions, said Monday (Jan. 9). 91ƵI think that with the record number of people that are losing their life to drug toxicity, we have to take a bold action.

91ƵBut where we stand as an Opposition, is it cannot be the only pillar of our system.

91ƵWe need to make sure that as we do this pilot of decriminalization, that we are also providing pathways to recovery for people, and sufficient and appropriate mental-health services so that people have a chance not just to be kept in illness, but to actually make a recovery.

91ƵI just think that the pace at which we have sort of jettisoned towards decriminalization is far outpacing this government, how they91Ƶve been providing for those services. Lots of announcements, but very little in terms of treatment for people.91Ƶ

In announcing the move, government officials described the exemption as 91Ƶa critical step91Ƶ that will 91Ƶreduce stigma and harm and provide another tool for British Columbia to end the overdose crisis,91Ƶ by removing barriers that prevent people from accessing services and treatment.

The threshold amount is just over half of the 4.5-gram limit that had been requested by the province, and it comes with caveats, including that B.C. improve health and social systems to support the implementation.

George Passmore, director of personal and family counselling and support for Sources Community Resource Centres, described the 91ƵOK91Ƶ given as a step in a 91Ƶcompassionate direction91Ƶ towards viewing those who use such substances as people 91Ƶof dignity, and worthy of community, not scorn and marginalization.91Ƶ

91ƵThat can eventually result in less societal judgment, condemnation and social distancing, which can save pain and lives,91Ƶ Passmore said.

With the exemption looming, Passmore said he is also hopeful the new rules will generate 91Ƶmore nuanced91Ƶ conversations between parents and kids about substances; boost understanding and awareness of benefits versus harms, rather than simply stating 91Ƶoh, it91Ƶs illegal,91Ƶ or 91Ƶit91Ƶs bad.91Ƶ

91ƵI91Ƶm glad that now91Ƶ we can shift the conversations more towards harm reduction, understanding healthy relationships with drug use.91Ƶ

However, the lower limit could also have an unintended consequence, he said 91Ƶ that of encouraging manufacturers to boost the potency of their drugs, 91Ƶso people can get a greater effect with a lesser amount.91Ƶ

According to statistics released by the BC Coroners Service last fall, illicit-drug toxicity deaths have doubled to 42 per 100,000 people since the opioid crisis was declared a public-health emergency in April 2016.

At least 10,000 people in B.C. have died due to toxic-drug overdoses since that declaration; 1,827 of them in the first 10 months of 2022. In October alone, at least 179 lives were lost to the poisoned supply.

Cole Izsak, a South Surrey resident and founder of Back on Track Recovery House, does not believe the numbers will improve with decriminalization. He pointed to abstinence-based recovery and treatment 91Ƶ which is the model his facility follows 91Ƶ as a more effective direction than the one chosen.

91ƵTo use our government91Ƶs resources to perpetuate addiction, it doesn91Ƶt feel right to me,91Ƶ Izsak said.

91ƵIt doesn91Ƶt feel compassionate. It91Ƶs disguised as compassion.91Ƶ

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Izsak said the Portuguese model of decriminalization 91Ƶ in which drug use and possession of small quantities are dealt with through an administrative process 91Ƶ is one B.C. could learn from. It has been 91Ƶvery effective over the past decade in decriminalizing simple possession,91Ƶ he said.

Since 2001, Portugal has been referring those caught using or possessing small amounts of illicit drugs to panels of legal, health and social-work experts tasked with helping them tackle issues related to their drug use.

The tactic has been credited with decreasing the number of users diagnosed with HIV, hepatitis B and C; increasing the number of users receiving voluntary drug treatment; and, reducing drug-user incarceration numbers. As well, the country91Ƶs overdose-death numbers are among the lowest in the European Union, according to a report in the series.

At Izsak91Ƶs facility, the focus is 91Ƶteaching (residents) how to live and showing them that clarity of mind and body is the right thing to do, even if getting high is fun sometimes.91Ƶ

91ƵIn this day and age, (using drugs comes at) too great a cost,91Ƶ he said. 91ƵIt91Ƶs Russian roulette, because there91Ƶs fentanyl in so much.91Ƶ

Sturko 91Ƶ who left the Surrey RCMP to pursue politics specifically because of the opioid crisis 91Ƶ noted decriminalization is not exactly new in B.C. There has been a form of it 91Ƶfor quite some time,91Ƶ she said, explaining that B.C. Prosecution Service 91Ƶvery rarely91Ƶ follows through on simple possession charges.

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She plans to meet with community advocates and people with lived experience, as well as her colleagues in other ministries in an effort to have a meaningful impact on the opioid crisis.

Passmore, noting the opioid crisis is the number 1 cause of deaths in B.C., said an 91Ƶupstream91Ƶ approach is key, and the new rules do have the potential to effect some change.

91ƵIf anything, I hope that the decriminalization can really result in a shift in focus towards caring about people who are using substances in a variety of ways, and think about how do we connect with folks and support their well-being, without necessarily requiring them to stop using.91Ƶ



tracy.holmes@peacearchnews.com
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Tracy Holmes

About the Author: Tracy Holmes

Tracy Holmes has been a reporter with Peace Arch News since 1997.
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