Half-price strawberries in stacked pallets and freshly gleaned spinach from a farm sit in a food bank91Ƶs walk-in fridge waiting to be redistributed.
91ƵThere might be a few blemishes but you can just cut that off. It91Ƶs still good,91Ƶ says Sieg Bressmer, holding a pack of deep red strawberries at Edmonton91Ƶs Food Bank in the northwest part of the city.
It all has to be used within two to three days, says Bressmer, whose job is to pick food off pallets of rescued produce every week from over 200 grocery stores in the city, including Loblaws, No Frills, Safeway and Sobeys.
The food bank has long relied on gleaning, a reference to the biblical practice of picking leftover produce from a freshly harvested farm that would otherwise go to waste. Gleaning, a type of passive charity, was practised from biblical times until the late 18th century.
Ahead of its time, the food bank in Edmonton, once known as the Gleaners Association, became the first food-rescuing organization in Canada in 1981.
Gerard Kennedy, one of the group91Ƶs first volunteers and later the first executive director of Edmonton91Ƶs Food Bank, says the idea was to reduce food waste and serve hungry families. By 1985, the group was gleaning over 70 per cent of its supply from the food industry, including retailers, farmers and manufacturers.
Kennedy remembers how at first people didn91Ƶt want a food bank. Back then, he says, people were against the idea of giving out free food instead of earning a living.
91ƵBut what prevailed was the practicality that food should not go to waste,91Ƶ says Kennedy, who served as a Liberal education minister in Ontario from 2003 to 2006.
Forty years on, he says, the role of a food bank has shifted 91Ƶ from focusing on gleaning surplus food to attending to greater needs of people who are visiting food banks more frequently.
Marjorie Bencz, the current executive director of Edmonton91Ƶs Food Bank, says about 91Ƶ60 per cent of our food coming in through our doors is gleaned.91Ƶ
Gleaning is more relevant today, she says, with a focus on the environment and sustainability alongside food rescue. Last year, more than three million kilograms of food was gleaned in Edmonton, Bencz says.
91ƵIt91Ƶs about a community feeding the community.91Ƶ
Bressmer, who is also a chef, says modern-day gleaning isn91Ƶt about procuring food from farms but seeing what91Ƶs good beyond the best-before date and how it can be given to those in need.
91ƵPeople have a misconception about the expiry dates and best-before dates,91Ƶ he says. 91ƵThe best-before are manufacturing dates to measure the optimum flavour of the food.91Ƶ
He trains people at the food bank to examine items, including baked goods and fresh produce, to see what91Ƶs suitable for human consumption. They check for mould, blemishes or discoloration. Food that isn91Ƶt good anymore goes to animals.
The only downside to rescued food is that organizations don91Ƶt get to control the quantity or choose the items, says Maggie Borowiec of Moisson Montréal.
91ƵThis is food that (manufacturers) would like to sell but weren91Ƶt able to,91Ƶ she says. 91ƵIt91Ƶs surplus food and their options are to either throw it or give it away.91Ƶ
The organization says 49 per cent of its food last year was rescued from places higher up in the supply chain. About 17 per cent was leftovers from grocery stores.
91ƵWe91Ƶre fortunate in Montreal that there are a lot of food manufacturing companies, like a meat production company that gives away its surplus deli,91Ƶ says Borowiec.
Loblaw, Canada91Ƶs largest grocery retailer, says on its website that it gave away more than 6.8 million kilograms of food to partner agencies, including Second Harvest, last year. It has set a goal of zero food to landfill by 2030.
To extend the shelf life of rescued produce, Moisson Montréal also uses an antimicrobial solution called Chinook 110, for delaying spoilage, Borowiec says.
Despite efforts to rescue and glean food, Graham Hill of Second Harvest says over 60 per cent of all food produced in Canada is lost and wasted every single year.
Most would have been edible, he says.
Hill, the chief revenue officer at Second Harvest, says the organization rescued one of its largest amounts of food last year 91Ƶ over 24 million kilograms.
91ƵThe reason you91Ƶre seeing an increase is (because) people are becoming more environmentally conscious about the impacts of food loss and waste.91Ƶ
Hill says there91Ƶs still a lot of food being lost in a rich country where people are struggling with food insecurity.
91ƵI91Ƶm not saying that rescued food is the answer for food insecurity. But while we have surplus food in the system, it is our duty to be able to connect as much surplus food to Canadians (as possible).91Ƶ
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